LINGUA LITERA Journal of English Linguistics and Literature WOMEN’ RESISTANCE DURING NAZI OCCUPATION IN KRISTIN HANNAH’S THE NIGHTINGALE

France as the German’s mortal enemy ended in the hand of Hitler’s Nazi occupation and forced the civilians to revolt, not only men but also women. The women’s resistance represented the effort to get gender equality in life. To focus on the resistance, this paper aims to analyze the efforts of France women during the Nazi occupation portrayed in Kristin Hannah’s novel, The Nightingale . The writer uses Liberal Feminism as the main theory to describe the women's movement in getting their freedom and equality. In completing the analysis, the writer uses qualitative and descriptive methods. In the results of the analysis, the author found that during the occupation, French women struggle to liberate and defend their families and country from the Nazi by doing certain attempts such as educating themselves to be as equal to men, developing themselves to fight as a resistance patriot and encourage themselves to be a woman leader.


I. INTRODUCTION
France suffered difficulties and destruction during the four years of war because of the Nazi's invasion. Paris in those years became a city where many young and middle-aged men were in prison, concentration camps, in hiding, or the underground, therefore by the obliged condition, resistance became in significant measure movement of the young women and girls. It is accepted that the women's resistance played a significant role in the liberation of France and shortened the war.
Women who participated in the resistance may have shared certain independence, idealism, or patriotism.
Women's resistance becomes an important topic to discuss for some reasons.
First, The Nightingale portrays women's life during World War II whose stories are often being forgotten or overlooked. Weitz (1995) states in her book that countless French heroines willingly undertook any task offered to them no matter how dangerous it is, from distributing clandestine newspapers and espionage to parachute drops and armed combat. At the same time, French women also performed all the roles of their traditional domain in service to caregivers, nurses, providers of food and shelter, seamstresses, secretaries, mundane tasks that would prove crucial to the resistance effort, and that many men could not or would not assume.
Unfortunately, most of their activities have been largely overlooked or ignored. The second reason is the writer was mesmerized by the woman's courage and resilience during the war.
Women resisters suffered the same fate as their male counterparts if they get caught. Isolation and concentration camps were filled with resistance, who were subject to the same beatings, torture, and execution as men, yet female resisters were much more vulnerable to having their children and loved ones held hostage, brutally beaten, or murdered before their eyes to induce them to talk. Many resisters, both women, and men remarked after the war that women held up better under torture than men. In doing so, they, along with other members of the resistance, saved the soul and honor of France. These courageous heroines put themselves directly in a harmful situation, and as the result, most of them paid a terrible price for their heroism.
The women's resistance was formed as a refusal to be silenced and an iron determination to fight against the destruction of freedom and human dignity. Based on the novel, it is a beautiful heart-breaking phenomenon that celebrates the resilience of the human spirit and the endurance of women. Based on the reasons above, the writer is interested in analyzing the novel. women's nature is, because it is so wrapped up in how they have been raised.

IV. FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
In an attempt against Nazi occupation, "If the society is to achieve sexual equality or gender justice, the society must provide women with the same political rights and economic opportunities as well as the same education that men enjoy." From the quotation above, the equality that men and women have is not only related to politics and the economy, but also to education. People demand that education is provided not only for men, but women also have the right to get an education, as well as men, can get. The Occupation unintentionally paved a path towards equality among genders by providing the opportunity for women to demonstrate their equality.

A Female Resistance Derived by Enhancing Patriot Spirit
In the first philosophical book-length study of the subject, Nathanson (1993) defines patriotism as involving; special affection for one's own country, a sense of personal identification with the country, special concern for the well-being of the country, and willingness to sacrifice to promote the country's good. Accordingly, patriotism can be defined as love of one's country, identification with it, and special concern for its well-being and that of compatriots. From the definitions above, in general, patriotism can be interpreted as feelings of love and loyalty to the homeland and the desire for the welfare of the homeland which is manifested through a courageous attitude, belief in self-ability, loyal to social friends, abstinence giving up and be willing to sacrifice everything for the homeland.
Self-development is a conscious process of improving oneself in various aspects of life. It's a constant pursuit of growth by developing skills, competencies, and knowledge. The ultimate goal for selfdevelopment is to be a self-fulfilled person.
As Mill (1986) states that the way to maximize the total utility is to allow them to pursue what they want and allow women political rights and opportunities as same as men. In The Nightingale, the woman's selfdevelopment is shown by the main character Isabelle Rossignol to be a patriot and join the French resistance. Isabelle's rebellious personality is the root of her willingness to join the French resistance. After being sent to and expelled from a series of girls' schools, Isabelle puts her rebellious tendencies by joining the French resistance movement. Isabelle describes as the one who rebels the most with her perspective about freedom, war, and justice to defend her country. The main character Isabelle has a patriotic spirit and refuses to live passively under the German Nazi authority.
Based on the reason above the main character is forced to join a resistance movement to push back the German Nazi army. In 1940 after German succeeds to do an invasion in Poland and Belgium and Czechoslovakia, they began to enter the central city of France which makes the condition in France getting worse. When most French people try to hide their fear because of the war terror, Isabelle bravely decided to join the French resistance, taking a risk on everything that she has to save her fellow countrymen, even her own life. A book by Edith Cavell inspires Isabelle to be a patriot or female hero and save her country from Nazi occupation, as can be seen from the quotation below: "A woman can go to war these days," Isabelle said when the Paris traffic finally forced her to slow down. "I could be an ambulance driver, maybe. Or I could work on breaking secret codes. Or charming the enemy into telling me a secret location or plan. Remember that game-" "War is not a game, Isabelle." "I believe I know that, Christophe. But if it does come, I can help. That's all I'm saying." (The Nightingale,2015: p.26 "So," Lévy said after an uncomfortable pause, "Isabelle has a plan." Gaëtan didn't smile. "Does she?" "She wants to lead this airman and others across the Pyrenees on foot and get them into Spain. To the British consulate, I assume." (The Nightingale,2015: p.150) This quotation shows how they gathered to discuss the plan how to smuggle the British Based on The Nightingale novel that has been analyzed by the researcher, it is assumed that women also can be equal to men. It can be seen from the effort of the main character to develop her thinking capacity. The efforts continue by doing certain actions through the dangerous condition. During World War II, society's condition forced people to suffer and made certain woman brace up their spirits to be patriotic and fight for freedom. The efforts to fight the occupation done by Nazi was the evidence that a woman becomes an important person during the war. The spirit to be patriotic and leader also develop themselves to be equal to men

V. CONCLUSION
After analyzing the data, the writer concludes that the resistance movement derived from the influence of the role model and accepting the exclamation to resist the occupation so that the woman can defend their rights against the Nazis. The efforts to develop education prove women's resistance to getting education equality. The efforts to be patriotic is another form of woman's self-development to transform their individuals to be more courageous and liberate themselves from gender discrimination. Later, the effort to be a leader is a kind of woman emancipation to show that woman is equal to man in societal aspects and that they can achieve certain goals.